They find _Vegavis iaai_, a Maastrichtian bird from Antarctica, to be a stem-anatid. This means, at the very least, that pan-palaeognathes, pan-galliforms, pan-neoavians, pan-anhimids, pan-anatids, and the _Anseranas_ total group were distinct before the K/Pg boundary. (Also possibly the _Lithornis_ branch--or is _Lithornis_ considered a palaeognathe now?)