New Refs

[endocrin@media.net.au (Davina Whittall)]

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Thanks, Ron Orensetin]

Couple of new refs I don't think have been posted yet:

1
UI  - UY950
AU  - Motani R
AU  - You H
AU  - McGowan C
TI  - Eel-like swimming in the earliest ichthyosaurs.
LA  - English
RF  - Article
AD  - Motani R, Univ Toronto, Dept Zool, 25 Harbord St, Toronto, 
      ON M5S 1A1, CANADA
AB  - ICHTHYOSAURS are extinct marine reptiles, probably 
      belonging to the Diapsida(1), that ranged from the Early 
      Triassic to Late Cretaceous(2,3). Post-Triassic 
      ichthyosaurs achieved the highest level of aquatic 
      adaptation among reptiles(4), with a streamlined body, 
      lunate tail and a dorsal fin, features exemplified today 
      by thunniform (tuna-like) fishes. However, little is known 
      of how such a body plan evolved from a terrestrial 
      diapsid. Here we report the most complete specimen of the 
      oldest known ichthyosaur, Chensaurus, representing a 
      transition between the two body plans. The specimen, which 
      has a partial skin impression, has a small caudal fin, a 
      long and narrow body, and a high presacral vertebral 
      count. These features all suggest an anguilliform swimming 
      mode. Later ichthyosaurs retained the high vertebral 
      count, but overcame the high swimming costs of this 
      plesiomorphy, achieving a rigid tunniform bauplan by 
      evolving discoidal vertebrae, and a deep fusiform body. 
      Chensaurus therefore seems to be an evolutionary 
      intermediate between the shorter-bodied terrestrial stock 
      from which the group evolved, and advanced thunniform 
      ichthyosaurs.
SO  - Nature 1996 JUL 25;382(6589):347-348

2
UI  - UY983
AU  - Knoll AH
AU  - Bambach RK
AU  - Canfield DE
AU  - Grotzinger JP
TI  - Comparative earth history and Late Permian mass 
      extinction.
LA  - English
RF  - Article
AD  - Knoll AH, Harvard Univ, Bot Museum, Cambridge,MA 02138 USA
AB  - The repeated association during the late Neoproterozoic 
      Era of large carbon-isotopic excursions, continental 
      glaciation, and stratigraphically anomalous carbonate 
      precipitation provides a framework for interpreting the 
      reprise of these conditions on the Late Permian Earth. A 
      paleoceanographic model that was developed to explain 
      these stratigraphically linked phenomena suggests that the 
      overturn of anoxic deep oceans during the Late Permian 
      introduced high concentrations of carbon dioxide into 
      surficial environments. The predicted physiological and 
      climatic consequences for marine and terrestrial organisms 
      are in good accord with the observed timing and 
      selectivity of Late Permian mass extinction.
SO  - Science 1996 JUL 26;273(5274):452-457

Graeme Worth
The Dinosaur Encyclopaedia